I was lucky enough to have the opportunity to work with Touch Press as the designer of their latest iPad App, The Waste Land by T. S. Eliot, published jointly with Faber and Faber. I have previously had the pleasure and privilege of working with Max Whitby and John Cromie, whose achievement is legendary in developing and publishing interactive media content.
The Waste Land launched this week in the UK and US and thus far is being well received, making App of the week in the US. This is fantastic considering The Waste Land does not have the same mass appeal as other more general titles – after all Eliot’s poem, though a milestone in modernist poetry, is difficult for contemporary audiences and is loaded with academic references. The Waste Land iPad App, is a contemporary re-presentation of the poem as a true multimedia textual experience. Around the core poem text, there are carefully crafted layers of interactive media including: readings (by Alec Guinness, Eliot himself, Viggo Mortensen and others), a video performance by Fiona Shaw, critical perspectives (by Seamus Heaney, Craig Raine amongst others), detailed annotated notes, an overlay of the original manuscript and a gallery of related images. All of this additional material serves to enhance the readers’ engagement with the core text of the poem rather than distract from it. Together they build an expanded experience for the reader that helps them to understand the richly woven texture that is The Waste Land.
Designing a successful interactive experience only comes about through real collaboration between technical, creative, subject matter expertise and producers who can glue it all together. The Touch Press team and Faber Digital possess that magic.
For my part, I have tried to present the poem as a beautiful, readable, usable text within an interface that causes minimal interference with the reading experience. Effectively, I wanted the interface and typography to almost go unnoticed – not to compete with the readers’ attention for an already demanding text. Scala is the typeface family used throughout (designed by Martin Majoor in 1990) - chosen because it is a modern classic, that looks and feels good to read! Scala has good legibility on screen (because of its straight serifs and low contrast) and it encompasses both sans and serif typefaces with a good range of weights that enable texture and contrast in the typography. Making good typography on screen is tricky – in the case of the iPad – because half of the control is split between CSS and Apple’s IOS. It requires a patient understanding software engineer (thank you John!) who will labour with the designer to make small tweaks that ‘nobody else notices’.
Another aspect of design that made for an interesting formal consideration was that of orientation. For example, both the title and contents pages had to work in portrait and landscape format as did the poem text itself. The measure of the type for these orientations also needed to be the same for seamless transition while some features really worked best in one format over another (Notes and Perspectives for example). The issue of type size was significant – initially I designed it in four different measures – to cater for a range of readers. However, the practicalities of ‘pinch & zooming’ the text was difficult because of the poem line breaks which needed to remain faithful to the printed publication. The App does enable the reader to view the text in a larger size via Settings.
There were lots of ‘cool’ things I wanted to try with the typography in The Waste Land when we embarked upon the project – and gradually I realised that you have to walk before you can run. I thought it would great to experiment with three-dimensional representations of the text or to use visualisation techniques to ‘see’ the text. All that remains of these ideas is the Navigator, a view of the text in its entirety that comes up in an overlay on the right margin.
From my perspective, The Waste Land represents an interactive text, and thus is interactive typography as typography gives form to the words in the poem. The words are both content and interface alongside more traditional UI elements such as the tool bar and pop-over menus. My future goal will be to design an interactive text with no visible interface where only the words embody all of the interactivity. Touch-tablet displays offer great potential here – but it takes a while to understand the various gestures available to the reader – and even more time to prototype whether they are intuitive and usable.
In the meantime, The Waste Land is a beginning, there’s lots more to be done.
Check out the links below – some demos and commentary on The Waste Land from various sources including the Guardian, The Independent, The Huffington Post, The New York Times and Gizmodo.
Preview of The Waste Land at the App Store
Faber launches The Waste Land app – video, The Guardian, June 7th 2011.
A Walk Through The Waste Land – video demo by Max Whitby
Raising the Bar for Digital Poetry, The Huffington Post, June 10th 2011.
The Waste Land by App, New York Times, June 11th 2011.
TS Eliot’s The Waste Land Replaces Angry Birds as Greatest Modernist App, Gizmodo, June 10th 2011.
Video Lessons from T.S. Eliot by Steve Smith, Media Post, Thursday, June 9, 2011.
The Revenge Of The CD-ROM by Steve Smith, Thursday, June 9, 2011.
T.S. Eliot’s ‘The Waste Land’ Is iPad App of the Week, Craig Morgan Teicher, Publishers Weekly, June 10th, 2011.
The Waste Land for iPad lovers, by John Naughton, The Observer, June 12th 2011.
The Waste Land, Terry Gray at Palomar College, June 9th 2011.